Home and Community-Based Services (HCBS): What They Are and Why They Matter

11/24/2025

Home and Community-Based Services, or HCBS, are a range of supportive health and social services provided to people who have physical, cognitive, or developmental challenges, allowing them to live as independently as possible in their own homes or communities rather than in nursing homes or institutional settings.

Why HCBS is Important?

HCBS programs focus on person-centered care, addressing individuals’ unique needs while respecting their choices and enhancing their quality of life. By helping with everyday activities like bathing, dressing, meal prep, transportation, and home health care, HCBS supports people in maintaining their independence, dignity, and community connections. This shift from institutional care to community living reflects a growing preference for aging or living with a disability in familiar and supportive environments, offering greater autonomy and a better quality of life.

Who Qualifies for HCBS?

Eligibility generally requires being a Medicaid beneficiary who meets both financial and medical criteria. Individuals must have income and asset levels within state-specific limits and demonstrate a need for a certain level of care.  States administer HCBS programs through Medicaid waivers or state plans, and eligibility rules can vary, including age, disability status, and geographic requirements. A case manager typically assesses needs and develops a customized care plan to ensure appropriate services.

Examples of HCBS Services:

HCBS encompasses a mix of health and human services, including:

  • Personal care assistance with activities like bathing, dressing, and eating

  • Home care, skilled nursing and therapy services

  • Homemaker and chore assistance

  • Adult day care and social support programs

  • Transportation to medical or community appointments

  • Home modifications and safety assessments

  • Meal delivery programs

  • Respite care for family caregivers

  • Employment and educational supports for people with disabilities

How to Check Eligibility and Access HCBS

To explore eligibility, individuals should contact their state Medicaid office or local Area Agency on Aging. The process usually involves financial eligibility verification and a functional assessment to determine care needs. If eligible, a case manager helps coordinate services tailored to individual preferences and goals.

HCBS represents a vital set of services that support independence, choice, and quality of life for countless Americans who need assistance but want to remain at home. Learning about and accessing these services can make a significant positive difference for individuals and their families.

Are you thinking about home care services for you or your loved one through HCBS? We’re here to help! Contact us as 800.795.7770 or email us here.